Indonesia is a country that is known for its rich natural resources and diverse culture. The country is also known for its active trading activities, which involve both import and export. In this article, we will discuss the volume of import and export in Indonesia and how it affects the country’s economy.
Introduction
Ekspor impor (import and export) are two important aspects of any country’s economy. In Indonesia, these activities play a vital role in the country’s economic growth. The country has a long history of trading, dating back to the ancient times when the archipelago was a major hub for traders from China, India, and the Middle East. Today, Indonesia’s trading activities are more complex and involve a wide range of products and services.
The Volume of Export in Indonesia
According to the latest data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Indonesia’s export volume reached USD 168.8 billion in 2020. This represents a decrease of 4.87% compared to the previous year. The decline in export volume was mainly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted global trade.
Indonesia’s main export products include mineral fuels, animal or vegetable fats and oils, machinery, and electrical equipment. The country’s main export partners are China, the United States, Japan, and Singapore. These countries account for more than 50% of Indonesia’s total exports.
The Volume of Import in Indonesia
In 2020, Indonesia’s import volume reached USD 139.1 billion. This represents a decrease of 17.15% compared to the previous year. The decline in import volume was also due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in a decrease in demand for imported goods.
Indonesia’s main imported products include machinery, electrical equipment, mineral fuels, and pharmaceutical products. The country’s main import partners are China, Singapore, Japan, and Thailand. These countries account for more than 50% of Indonesia’s total imports.
The Effect of Ekspor Impor on Indonesia’s Economy
Ekspor impor activities play a significant role in Indonesia’s economy. They contribute to the country’s GDP and provide employment opportunities for the people. According to the World Bank, Indonesia’s exports account for around 25% of its GDP, and the country is the 28th largest exporting country in the world.
Ekspor impor activities also help to diversify Indonesia’s economy. The country’s natural resources, such as oil, gas, and minerals, are finite, and they will eventually run out. Therefore, it is essential for the country to develop other sectors, such as manufacturing and services, to sustain its economic growth.
The Challenges of Ekspor Impor in Indonesia
Despite its importance, ekspor impor activities in Indonesia face several challenges. These include bureaucratic procedures, logistics, and infrastructure. The country’s customs procedures are often lengthy and complicated, which can discourage some exporters and importers from participating in the trade.
The country’s logistics and infrastructure also require improvement. Indonesia has a vast archipelago, and transporting goods from one island to another can be expensive and time-consuming. The country’s ports and roads need to be upgraded to facilitate faster and more efficient transport of goods.
The Government’s Efforts to Promote Ekspor Impor
The Indonesian government has recognized the importance of ekspor impor activities and has taken steps to promote them. These include simplifying customs procedures, improving logistics and infrastructure, and providing incentives for exporters. The government has also signed several free trade agreements with other countries to facilitate trade.
In 2020, the government launched the Indonesia Trade and Investment Summit, which aims to promote the country’s export and investment opportunities. The event brought together government officials, business leaders, and investors from around the world to discuss Indonesia’s potential as a trading partner.
Conclusion
Ekspor impor activities are an essential part of Indonesia’s economy. They provide employment opportunities and contribute to the country’s GDP. However, these activities also face several challenges, such as bureaucratic procedures and logistics. The government has recognized the importance of ekspor impor and has taken steps to promote them. With the right policies and investments, Indonesia can continue to develop its trading activities and position itself as a major player in the global economy.
